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期刊名称：NATURAL HAZARDS AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES ISSN： 1561-8633 出版频率： Bimonthly 出版社： EUROPEAN GEOSCIENCES UNION, MAX-PLANCK-STR 13, KATLENBURG-LINDAU, GERMANY, 37191 影响因子： 1.345(2008) 主题范畴： GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY;    METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES;    WATER RESOURCES 变更情况： 2005New 期刊简介(About the journal)    投稿须知(Instructions to Authors)    编辑部信息(Editorial Board)    About the journal Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences (NHESS) is an international and interdisciplinary journal for the publication of original research concerning natural hazards. New perspectives for the understanding and tackling of natural hazards will arise by considering the subject form a broad base where the separate geosciences merge. NHESS serves the community of geoscientists concerned with natural hazards and also those interacted in publishing communications regarding interdisciplinary problems arising from difficulties encountered in the tackling of the mitigation of risks associated with natural hazards. Accordingly, NHESS encompasses: The evolution of natural systems towards extreme conditions and the detection of precursors of such evolution. The monitoring of rare events and the integration of measures for the understanding of spatial and temporal characteristics of rare natural phenomena. The development of new techniques for the reduction of damage to human settlements and the impact of rare events on man-made structures. The impact on the natural environment of interventions to reduce damage. The journal will publish research articles, research and technical notes, book reviews, brief communications, letters and comments on papers published previously in NHESS. Papers on theory, modeling methods and techniques, and measuring and monitoring in the following areas will be particularly welcome (the list is neither exhaustive, nor rank-ordered): meteorology and hydrology hydrology and landslides earthquakes, near surface response and building response earthquakes and landslides earthquakes and tsunamis volcanic eruptions and atmosphere volcanic eruptions, chemistry and fluid mechanics of eruptive materials snow avalanches meteorological and climate hazards glacier hazards agricultural hazards natural hazards monitoring. Contributions in the following areas of research are thought to offer the prospects of greatest progress in the tackling of natural hazards: interactions between meteorology and hydrology scaling of spatial and dynamical behaviour monitoring and integration of data in forecasting tools Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences (NHESS) is published by Copernicus GmbH on behalf of the European Geosciences Union (EGU). Instructions to Authors Manuscript Preparation & Submission In order to keep review and production times as well as service charges low, authors are kindly requested to study the chapters below with great care and to follow the instructions accordingly. Overview First Steps Regulations for Manuscript/Article Files How to Prepare the Text File How to Prepare the Figure Files How to Prepare Movies How to Prepare the Author's Response File Service Charges Submission 1. First Steps Before the actual submission of a manuscript to the Editorial Support Office for peer-review and/or of an article already evaluated to the Publication Production Office, the author is kindly requested: 1.1 to study the "General Terms of Publication" for this journal 1.2 to study the chapter about "Service Charges", and 1.3 to register his/her manuscript or article in order to receive a Manuscript Number (ms-no) for preparing the text and figure files of his/her publication in the way outlined below before their actual submission, and to receive a link for uploding their manuscript files directly into the COSIS system. 2. Regulations for Manuscript/Article Files In order to enable the Editorial/Production Office to uniquely associate any electronic file with its corresponding manuscript/article at all stages throughout the evaluation/production process, authors are kindly requested to compile their publication into the following separate files and to name them accordingly with the type of document as extension: 2.1 The actual text followed by the table(s) and figure caption(s) prepared in the way as outlined in chapter 3 as one file named ms-no-tx (tx for "Text") 2.2 The complete abstract compiled in the style and lay-out as for European Geosciences Union meeting and conference abstracts as one file named ms-no-ab (ab for "Abstract") 2.3 The figures f01, f02, ..., f11, f01a, f01b, ... prepared in the way as outlined in chapter 4 in separate files named ms-no-f01a (f for "Figure") 2.4 Movies prepared in the way as outlined in chapter 5 in separate files named ms-no-mv1 (mv for "Movie") 2.5 Any supplement files, such as, e.g., data sets, in separate files named ms-no-sp1 (sp for "Supplement") 2.6 The entire manuscript when, e.g., applying the Technical Instructions for LaTeX or for Word as one file named ms-no-ms (ms for "Manuscript") 2.7 The Author's Response in case of "minor" or "major" revisions requested by the Editor, as a separate file name ms-no-rp (rp for "Response") In general, authors are requested to submit their paper, zipped or not zipped, in form of the following separate files: Text (-tx) plus Abstract (-ab) plus Figures (-f01) and, eventually, plus Movie (-mv) and/or Supplement Files (-sp). In case of a "minor" or "major" revision which has to be reviewed again before publication, authors are also requested to submit the Author's Response file (-rp). Since for the reviewing procedure the Abstract File and the Full Manuscript File will be used in pdf format it is recommended that authors also submit the complete Abstract File (-ab) and the Full Manuscript File (-ms) as pdf files for a faster and more cost effective evaluation.   3. How to Prepare the Text File The pages of a manuscript or article should be placed in the following order: title page, abstract, text, appendices, acknowledgements, references, tables and figure captions. The text file should carry the ms-no followed directly by -tx plus the type of document as extension. All pages should be numbered consecutively. Title page The first page should bear: The title (must be concise but informative). The initial(s) and name(s) of the author(s). The full institutional addresses of all authors. The address and e-mail to which the proofs should be sent. Abstract The abstract should be complete in itself and be 3-4% of the length of the paper. It should be suitable for separate publication in an abstract journal and state the main results clearly; a mere table of contents should be avoided. Sections The headings of all sections, including introduction, results, discussions or summary must be numbered. Three levels of sectioning are allowed, e.g. 3, 3.1 and 3.1.1. Appendices Appendices should be labelled with capital letters: Appendix A, Appendix B etc. Equations, figures and tables should be numbered as (A1), Fig B5 or Table C6, respectively. Footnotes Footnotes should be avoided. However, if present, they should be numbered consecutively. Footnotes to tables should be marked by lowercase letters. Units The metric system is mandatory and, wherever, possible, SI units should be used. Date & Time Keep to the European Geosciences Union style with regards to date (dd/mm/yyyy) and time (hh:mm:ss) Times should be expressed as "12:00:02", i.e. with a colon separating hours and minutes and seconds. Often it is necessary to specify if refering to local time or Universal Time Coordinated. This can be done by adding "LT" or "UTC", respectively. Mathematical symbols and formulae In general, mathematical symbols are typeset in italics . The most notable exceptions are function names (e.g. sin, cos), chemical formulas and physical units, which are all typeset with the normal (upright) font. Matrices are printed in bold face, and Vectors in bold face italics. A range of numbers should be specified as "a to b" or "a...b". The expression "a-b" is only acceptable in cases where no confusion with "a minus b" is possible. Equations Equations should be numbered sequentially with arabic numerals in parentheses on the right hand side, i.e. (1), (2), etc. If too long, split them accordingly. If there are chemical formulae included, i.e. reactions, please number them (R1), (R2), etc. When using WORD, the equation-editor and not the graphic-mode should be used under all circumstances. Figures All figures, whether colour illustrations, photographs, line drawings or images, should be submitted as separate files in one of the formats stated in chapter 4 and numbered in the order of occurrence in the text. The inscriptions and labelling should be clearly legible. Figures may be included in the LaTeX file at the appropriate places at the top of a column or page. Legends or figure captions Each illustration should be provided with a concise but descriptive legend. Phrases such as 'For explanation, see text' should be avoided. Figure captions should be included in the text file and not in the figure files. Tables Each table should be numbered sequentially with Arabic numerals. The table caption, is written above the table itself. Horizontal lines should normally only appear above and below the table, and as a separator between the head and the main body of the table. Vertical lines must be avoided. The tables are to appear on separate sheets after the references. Capitalization The paper title, section headings, figure and table captions should only have the first word capitalized, as well as any proper nouns that are always capitalized. Abbreviations and expressions in the text such as Chap(s)., Fig(s)., Table(s), Eq(s)., Sect(s)., Paper, Theorem, etc. should always be capitalized when used with numbers, e.g., Fig. 3, Table 1, Paper III, Theorem 2. The words figure(s), table(s), equation(s), theorem(s) in the text should not be capitalized when used without an accompanying number. Abbreviation of words Equations should be referred to by the abbreviation "Eq." and the respective number in parentheses, e.g. "Eq. (14)". However, when the reference comes at the beginning of a sentence, the unabbreviated word "Equation" should be used, e.g.: Equation (14) is very important for the results. However, Eq. (15) makes it clear that... The abbreviations "Sect." and "Fig." should be used when they appear in running text followed by a number unless they come at the beginning of a sentence, e.g.: The results are depicted in Fig. 5. Figure 9 reveals that... If acronyms or abbreviations are used throughout the article, they should be defined at first occurrence, e.g.: active galactic nuclei (AGN), magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) If these names or concepts are also mentioned in the abstract, they should be defined there as well. Non-English words and phrases Foreign words that have not come into general use are italicized. If a word or phrase or its abbreviation can be found in the main body of Webster's (and this also applies to British usage), it and its abbrevation are considered to be in general use and are not italicized. For example, "et al., cf., e.g., a priori, in situ, bremsstrahlung, eigenvalues", should not be italicized. References Reference list: Only works that are cited in the text and that have been accepted for publication or published already should be listed alphabetically at the end of the paper under the first author's name, while works "submitted to" or "in preparation" or "in review" or only available as preprint should not be included in the reference list. They must be listed in a footnote directly in the text. "Private communication" and private webpages are only allowed in the text. This decision was made on the EGU Council Meeting on 30 April 2004 and is valid for all EGU Publications. Two or more works by two authors should be listed alphabetically according to the second author's name. Works by three or more authors should be listed chronologically. If there is more than one work by the same author or team of authors in the same year, a, b, c etc. is added to the year both in the text and in the list of references. Please supply full author list with Last Name and Initial(s). If this is not possible, then at least the first 3 authors then "et al." may be used. After the list of authors the complete reference title has to be named. Journal names are abbreviated according to the Chemical Abstract Service Source Index, followed by the volume number, the complete page numbers (first and last page) and the publication year. Please write out titles in full, if abbreviation is not known. Please do not use bold or italic writing in the reference list or in citations in the text. Example for reference list: Fejer, B. C., Farley, D. T., Woodman, R. F., and Calderon, C.: Dependence of equatorial F-region vertical drift on season and solar cycle, Geophys. Res. Lett., 86, 215--218, 1981. Helliwell, R. A.: Whistlers and related ionospheric phenomena, Stanford Univ. Press, California, 1965. Example for citation in text: Citations in the text should be by author(s) and year. Where there are two authors, both should be named; when a work with more than two authors is mentioned, only the first author's name plus 'et al.' need to be given, e.g., Helliwell (1965) or (Helliwell, 1965) or Fejer et al. (1981) or (Helliwell, 1965; Fejer et al., 1981).   4. How to Prepare the Figure Files The figure files without their figure captions included should carry the ms-no followed directly by -f01, -f02 or-f03a, -f03b etc. plus the type of document as extension: Line art All line art (line/vector graphs) must be true vector encapsulated postscript (.eps) created from graphics-creation software (e.g. Illustrator, CorelDraw, Freehand, etc). The fonts must be embedded in the .eps file, using standard or Postscript fonts. Please avoid unconventional fonts that may not be recognized. Choose a font type and size (and thickness) that is clearly readable on the final scale, such as Arial 12 pt, remembering that the final typeset paper is in a two column format. Avoid faint lines and font colours. No lines lighter than ?point, i.e. do not use hairline rules. Thin white lines and text on a dark background are not recommended as they may not print out well because the white lines are "flooded" due to dithering. By thickening these lines and text, it will help a great deal. Avoid printing millions of dots or lines on top of each other. In vector graphics, this results in unnecessary large files. Tip: Try to avoid saving line/vector graphs as .tif, .jpg, .gif, etc, as these will convert vector to pixels and can cause pixelation and a low quality result if the resolution is not high enough, i.e. 200 dpi. If this is unavoidable, then save as a .tif file with 300 dpi for the best quality resolution for printing. NOTE: keep to the European Geosciences Union style with regards to date (dd/mm/yyyy) and time (hh:mm:ss), when including this in all figures. If at all possible, avoid scanning line dominated graphics. Unless a good deal of attention is given to these files, the result is quite poor. If unavoidable, scan in line/vector mode and store in .ps, .eps or .pdf format or as a bitmap (tif) with at least 300 dpi resolution (print quality). Photographs/Images Photographs and images must be saved as either .jpg, .png, .gif, or .tif with a resolution of not less than 150-300 dpi. Try and avoid very large sized files. A good size would be 10 cm in width with a resolution of 200 dpi or not larger than 18 cm in width and with a resolution of at least 150 dpi per 10 cm. In order to submit the files according to the guidelines for Category 1 and 2, please convert the photographs/images into .eps or .pdf. All other formats (including hard copy scanning) can be handled but please be aware, that this is additional work for the European Geosciences Union Production Office and will result in a high service charge. If the extensions f01, f02 or f03a, f03b etc do not correspond to the abbreviations of the actual Figures in the list of figure captions and thus of the Figures in the text, a table of reference has to be included in the text file. Avoid submitting Figure files with unrecognisable names, as this may cause incorrect Figure placement and numbering when typeset by the Production Office.   5. How to Prepare Movies A special multimedia streaming server is currently under construction for the preparation of movies. In the meantime it is recommended that authors contact the European Geosciences Union Production Office directly before submitting their movies.   6. How to Prepare the Authors' Response File In case the Editor has requested a "minor" or a "major" revision of a paper to be reviewed again before publication, the author is kindly requested to submit the revised files (text and/or figures) plus the "Author's Response": The latter document must include the item-by-item response to the reviewers' comments and, eventually, the editor's recommendations, indicating in which way the author has handled each one, i.e., the nature of his/her revision or a substantiation of his/her position on the matter in request. The file should be submitted as -rp.tex or -rp.doc file, although an -rp.pdf file would speed up the review process. 7. Service Charges In view of the effort spent by the Editorial Support Office and the Publication Production Office for the reviewing and production procedures, the following categories for the service charges have been identified (all prices as net prices): Category 1 Category 2 The text file is compiled in accordance to the Technical Instructions for LaTeX as -tx.tex and transformed into -tx.pdf The text file is compiled in accordance to the Technical Instructions for WORD as -tx.doc and transformed into -tx.pdf Figure files are compiled as .eps or .ps files and transformed into .pdf files The complete abstract file and the entire manuscript file are compiled as .pdf files All files (-tx.tex /-tx.doc and -tx.pdf; -f01.eps / -f01.ps and-f01.pdf; -ab.pdf and -ms.pdf) are submitted by using the automatic upload form (see below) Total: 35,- EUR / page  Total: 37,- EUR / page    Category 3 Category 4 The text file is compiled in any LaTeX style The text file is compiled in any WORD or WORD compatible style Figure files are also compiled as .jpg / .png / .tif / .gif / .doc files The complete abstract file and the entire manuscript file are added as .tex / .doc / .pdf files All files are submitted by upload, email or ftp Total: 40,- EUR / page Total: 50,- EUR / page    Category 5 Category 6 The text file is compiled in any style The text file is submitted as hard copy Figures are also compiled by using Illustrator, Corel Draw, Freehand, PowerPoint, WORD Perfect etc. Figures are submitted as hard copy All files are submitted electronically The manuscript is submitted by mail Total: 75,- EUR / page Total: 95,- EUR / page All service charges include the license fees for the COSIS tools and the registration fees for SRef and the COOL catalogue, as well as the inclusion in other index and reference services. For copy-editing (requested by the Editor) an additional service charge of 10,- EUR per page is added. Attention: For journals with a discussion part, such as for ACP and ACPD, the publications, first, in the discussion part and, second, in the main part are regarded as one publication in the "classical" sense where the evaluation is not public. Therefore, the above service charges will be levied for the publication in the discussion part (based on the page number of the discussion paper), while the publication in the main part will be free of charge, if the revised article is submitted along the same category (or lower) as the original manuscript; otherwise the difference in the service charges will be levied. 8. Submission Manuscripts (i.e. work prior to the review process) as well as articles (i.e. work having passed the review process) must be submitted in digital format and preferably, zipped or not zipped, by file-upload, email or ftp to the Editorial Office or the Production Office, respectively; however, work submitted on diskette or CD-ROM will also be accepted. Together with their manuscript registrations author in return receive the link for uploding their files. Files submitted by email should not exceed 15 MB. For ftp submission, please contact the Editorial or the Production Office to receive a password and the ftp address.     Editorial Board To contact a specific Member of the Editorial Board, please use their email address. To address your message to all members simultaneously, please use the COSIS Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences Editors Forum. You can reach the forum by clicking here. Editors can also use the forum to send messages to all the other editors. Managing Editor Maria-Carmen Llasat Dept. of Astronomy & Meteorology Universidad de Barcelona Avenida Diagonal 647 E-08028 Barcelona Spain Fax: +34-93-402-1133 carmell@am.ub.es      Editors David Alexander Borgo Sarchiani 19 50026 San Casciano in Val di Pesa Italy Tel: +39-055-822-9423 d.alexander@virgilio.it  Ana P. Barros Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Pratt School of Engineering Duke University Box 90287 Hudson Hall Durham, NC 27708-0287 USA Fax: +1 (919) 660-5219 barros@duke.edu  Fabio Castelli Dept. of Civil Engineering University of Florence Via S. Marta I-50139 Florence Italy Fax: +39-055-495-333 fabio@ingfi1.ing.unifi.it   Michael E. Contadakis Dept. of Surveying & Geodesy University of Thessaloniki Un. Box 449 GR-54006 Thessaloniki Greece Fax: +30-2310-996-134 kodadaki@vergina.eng.auth.gr  Nicolas R. Dalezios Dep. of Agriculture University of Thessaly Fytoko, Nea Ionia GR-38446 Volos Greece Fax: +30-421-93253, 93245 dalezios@agr.uth.gr  Steve G. Evans University of Waterloo Department of Earth Sciences 200 University Avenue West Waterloo Ontario N2L 3G1 Canada sgevans@sympatico.ca   Fausto Guzzetti CNR-IRPI Via della Madonna Alta 126 I-06074 Perugia Italy Fax: +39-075-501-4420 fausto.guzzetti@irpi.cnr.it  Giovanni Macedonio Osservatorio Vesuviano Via Diocleziano 328 I-80124 Napoli Italy Fax: +39-081-6108-351 macedon@osve.unina.it  Joan Marti Institute of Earth Sciences "Jaume Almera" (CSIC) Lluis Sole Sabaris s/n E-08028 Barcelona Spain joan.marti@ija.csic.es   Eric A. Smith Code 912.1 NASA - Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA Fax: +1-301-286-1626 eric.a.smith@nasa.gov  Stefano Tinti Dept. of Physics, Sector of Geophysics University of Bologna Viale Berti Pichat 8 I-40127 Bologna Italy Fax: +39-051-209-5058 steve@ibogfs.df.unibo.it  Uwe Ulbrich Institut f黵 Meteorologie Freie Universitat Berlin Carl-Heinrich-Becker-Weg 6-10 12165 Berlin Germany Fax: +49-30-838-71128 ulbrich@met.fu-berlin.de   Joan M. Vilaplana Dept. of Geodynamics and Geophysics University of Barcelona E-08071 Barcelona Spain Fax: +34-93-402-1340 jman@natura.geo.ub.es  Gerald F. Wieczorek U.S. Geological Survey 345 Middlefield Rd., MS 910 Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA Fax: +1-650-329-5203 gwieczor@usgs.gov