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ÆÚ¿¯Ãû³Æ£ºETHOLOGY ISSN£º 0179-1613 °æ±¾£º SCI-CDE ³ö°æƵÂÊ£º Monthly ³ö°æÉ磺 BLACKWELL VERLAG GMBH, KURFURSTENDAMM 57, BERLIN, GERMANY, D-10707   ³ö°æÉçÍøÖ·£º http://www.blackwell.de/ ÆÚ¿¯ÍøÖ·£º http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/journal.asp?ref=0179-1613 Ó°ÏìÒò×Ó£º 1.989(2008) Ö÷Ìâ·¶³ë£º ZOOLOGY;    BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES;     ÆÚ¿¯¼ò½é(About the journal)    Ͷ¸åÐëÖª(Instructions to Authors)    ±à¼­²¿ÐÅÏ¢(Editorial Board)    About the journal   Aims and Scope The journal publishes original contributions from all branches of behavioural research on all species of animals, both in the field and lab. It contains scientific articles of general interest in English language that are based on a theoretical framework. A section on "Current issues - perspectives and reviews" is included as well as theoretical investigations, essays on controversial topics and reviews of notable books.   Instructions to Authors 1. General Ethology contains articles by scientists from all over the world. It welcomes original contributions from all branches of behavioural research on all species of animals, both in the field and in the laboratory, as well as theoretical investigations. Perspectives and reviews on current issues, and short essays on controversial topics are also encouraged. Reviews of notable books are included in each issue. Authors are requested to explain the theoretical framework of their contribution and the general importance of their findings. The language of publication is English. 2. Submission and Acceptance of Manuscripts Ethology manuscripts should be submitted electronically via the online submission site 'Manuscript Central'. The use of an online submission and peer review site speeds up the time to decisions, enables immediate distribution and allows authors to track the status of their own manuscripts. To access this system for submission and review, please go directly to http://ethology.manuscriptcentral.com/. Instructions for submitting your manuscript are provided on this site. If you encounter technical problems when submitting your manuscript, please contact Ethology Manuscript Central Support e-mail: Support@ScholarOne.com phone: (434) 817-2040 ext.167 USA In an accompanying letter the author(s) should provide the following information: Name, address, telephone number, e-mail address and fax number of the corresponding author. E-mail is preferred for all correspondence. A declaration that the author(s) adhered to the ‘Guidelines for the use of animals in research?as published in Animal Behaviour (1991, 41, 183?86) and the laws of the country where the research was conducted. A declaration that the manuscript contains only material that is either original and has not been published or submitted elsewhere, or stems from publications identified by a reference. Authors may suggest names and addresses of potential reviewers that have not been involved in the research project or in the preparation of the manuscript. As a rule all authors should sign the accompanying letter. If this is not possible, a statement that all authors have seen the final manuscript and take responsibility for its contents can be supplied instead. With your submission, please complete and include the Manuscript Submission Form, which can be printed off from the Ethology website. The form includes, among other items, your complete correspondence address, the copyright transfer agreement, and the guidelines for colour print charges. If you are submitting your manuscript electronically, please send the form by fax or separate mail. The acceptance or rejection of manuscripts for publication in Ethology is decided by the editors, usually in cooperation with two referees. Any manuscript returned by an editor to the corresponding author for revision will be considered as withdrawn if not resubmitted within a period of three months. Dates of first receipt, initial and final acceptance will be printed in the published paper. 3. Requirements for Manuscripts 3.1 Content The Abstract should introduce the topic, the main objective, the main result(s) and the principle conclusion(s). The Introduction should explain the main questions addressed in the paper. Continuity with earlier work on the subject should be established by reference to recent papers or reviews, which need not themselves be summarized. Experimental methods must be clearly described and include information essential for replication, but trivial details should be omitted. In the Discussion, the major findings should be summarized as a reminder only, not repeated. 3.2 Format Initial submission As a rule the manuscript should be arranged as follows: Title page, Abstract (max. 300 words), Introduction, Methods, Results, Discussion, Conclusions (optional), Acknowledgements, Literature Cited. If necessary, these sections may be structured using further subtitles. When different methods apply to different subsections (e.g. describing stand-alone experiments) the Methods and Results for that specific section can be combined. Manuscript layout must have double-line spacing, a left-hand margin of at least 2.5 cm and line numbers throughout the text (use continuous line numbers, if possible). Pages should be numbered from the title page to the figure legends inclusive. Each figure and table should be placed on a separate page. Both English and American spelling is permissible, but spelling should be used consistently throughout the manuscript. The first page of the manuscript must contain the following information: title; first name and further initials and surname(s) of the author(s); name and full institutional address of each author (including an E-mail address if available) ?if there are multiple authors add ?corresponding author)?after the appropriate name; running title (should not exceed 72 characters, including spaces); the total number of words in the text including the title, references and figure legends. Final submission After final acceptance the original manuscript text and tables, and files of all figures should be uploaded to the Manuscript Central Author centre. We ask that you convey the essential information of each figure and table within the first 60 characters of the captions to accommodate the online edition. Each figure, table, and bibliographic entry must have a reference in the text. Please do not import the figures into the text file. Tables should be supplied as text and not as graphics files. The text should be prepared using standard word processors (Microsoft Word, Word Perfect) or saved in rich-text (rtf) format. Do not use automated or manual hyphenation. For further information please consult www.blackwellpublishing.com/authors/digill.asp 3.3 Length Papers, including figures, tables, literature cited, etc. should normally not exceed 12 printed pages which corresponds to approximately 5000 words. 3.4 Units, Abbreviations and Nomenclature All units of measurement must conform to the SI-System. Days = d, hours = h, minutes = min, seconds = s, grams = g, litres = l, metres = m, sample size = n, median =(‘x tilde? or median, arithmetic mean =(‘x bar?, degrees of freedom = df, standard error of the mean = SE, standard deviation = SD, probability = p, not significant = ns, year(s) = yr, month(s) = mo, figure = Fig., table = Table, versus = vs, species = sp. Names of genera and species must be in italics or be underlined with a single line in the manuscript. In the published paper they will appear as italics. All biological names should conform to current international nomenclature. For undefined species use ‘sp.?Chemical formulae should be written as fully as possible using the nomenclature of the Chemical Society (J. Chem. Soc. 1067, 1936). 3. 5 Illustrations and Tables At final submission, figures should be saved in a neutral data format such as TIFF or EPS. Powerpoint and Word graphics are unsuitable for reproduction. Please do not use any pixel-oriented programmes. Scanned figures (only in TIFF format) should have a resolution of 300 dpi (halftone) or 600?200 dpi (line drawings) in relation to the reproduction size. Line drawings should only be contour drawings without halftones (shades of grey). Please do not use patterns; rough hatching is acceptable. Please submit the data for figures in black and white. However, colour photos can be reproduced in black and white (with a possible loss of contrast). Figures printed in colour are subject to an additional charge. A single page in colour costs 583 € plus VAT. For additional prices please contact the publisher. Colour print charges are explained on the manuscript submission form (see 2). Colour graphics should be created using the CMYK colour palette (print colours), not RGB (monitor colours). There is a charge for alterations to figures when carried out by the publisher. Please note that figures will generally be reduced to fit within the column-width or the print area. This means that numbering and lettering must still be readable when reduced (e.g. maps) and that a scale provided in the legend might not correspond with the original (microscopic pictures). If a figure is to be cropped, please mark the lines on a photocopy or tracing paper. Graphs with x and y axes should not be enclosed in frames. Do not forget the labels and units. Captions for the figures should give a precise description of the content and should not be repeated within the figure. Tables should be created using the table function of your word processor. The use of both tables and figures to illustrate the same results is not acceptable. 3. 6 References The list of references must include all references cited in the text and no additional references. References are to be arranged alphabetically and in chronological order. The name of the cited journal should be abbreviated according to the abbreviation used by the journal concerned. Otherwise use the abbreviations contained in the ‘Bibliographic Guide for Editors and Authors?from Chemical Abstracts, or the ‘World List of Scientific Periodicals? 4th ed., London 1963?5. Anonymous contributions should be placed at the beginning of the list of references. References should be formatted as in the following examples: Greenfield, M. D. & Rand, A. S. 2000: Frogs have rules: selective attention algorithms regulate chorusing in Physalaemus pustulosus (Leptodactylidae). Ethology 106, 331?47. Zar, J. H. 1996: Biostatisitcal Analysis, 3rd edn. Prentice Hall, Engelwood Cliffs, New Jersey. Johnstone, R. A. 1997: The Evolution of Animal Signals. In: Behavioural Ecology, 4th edn (Krebs, J.R. & Davies, N. B., eds). Blackwell Science, Oxford, pp. 155?78. Schütz, D. 1998: Sexual size dimorphism in a shell-brooding cichlid Lamprologus callipterus. Ph.D. Thesis, Ludwig-Maximilian-Universität, Munich, Germany. Articles not yet published may only be cited if their place of publication is certain. They must be denoted by the expression ‘in press? Otherwise, unpublished manuscripts should be referred to in the text as ‘author name(s), pers. comm.? or ‘own data? Reference to the quoted literature in the text should be given as follows: Smith (1998) or (Smith 1998). Only the first author should be cited followed by ‘et al.?when there are more than two authors (Smith et al. 1999). Multiple references to the same author and year should be labelled a, b, etc. according to the order in which they are .rst cited in the text. Series of references should be in chronological order (Smith 1997a, b; Miller & Smith 2001). Literal quotations should be between quotes ‘‘...’’ and must contain the page number(s) of the original reference. 4. Copyright Publication in the journal is subject to the condition that the manuscript has not been published or submitted for publication elsewhere. Upon submission of the manuscript to the publisher, the author certifes that neither his contribution nor any foreign text or figures contained therein that he procures infringe upon the rights of a third party, and that he alone is authorized to dispose of the existing right of utilization with regard to copyright. The author will refrain from any other duplication and distribution or digital transfer and reproduction (e.g. on the Internet) during the period of the contract. For the duration of the lawful copyright, the author grants the publisher, regardless of location, the exclusive right of duplication and dissemination (right of publication) without restriction as to the intangible reproduction of the article, the right to make the article available to any individual online as well as the right of issuance of licenses to third parties nationally and abroad for the exercise of the granted ancillary rights. The publisher is authorized to make use of the utilization rights to which he is entitled, however, he is not obligated to do so. For U.S. government employees the copyright is assigned to the extent transferable. 5. Proof Correction and Offprints When you receive proofs of your article, please check, sign and return them without delay. As changes to proofs are costly, we ask that you only correct typesetting errors. New results may be given at the end of the paper in a ‘Note Added in Proof? but only if absolutely necessary. Proofs will be sent via E-mail as an Acrobat PDF (portable document format) file. The E-mail server must be able to accept attachments up to 4 MB in size. Acrobat Reader will be required in order to read this file. This software can be downloaded (free of charge) from the following website: www.adobe.com/products/acrobat/readstep2.html. This will enable the file to be opened, read on screen, and printed out in order for any corrections to be added. Further instructions will be sent with the proof. Proofs will be posted if no e-mail address is available. In your absence, please arrange for a colleague to access your e-mail to retrieve the proofs. The publisher will supply 25 offprints of published articles free of charge. Additional offprints can be ordered on the form sent with the proofs. Orders placed at a later date are subject to a higher charge. Offprints and complimentary copies will be sent to the corresponding or first-named author for distribution, unless otherwise noted on the order form. 6. Book Reviews Reviews of selected books appear in a Book Review section of each issue. Reviews are requested by the ‘Book ReviewEditor? Lee C. Drickamer Department of Bio. Sciences Building #21, Box 5640 Northern Arizona University Flagstaff, AZ 86011-5640 USA For submission of book review manuscripts please follow the instructions of the book review editor. No honorarium is paid for book reviews but the review copy becomes the property of the reviewer. For the bibliographic data of book reviews the following scheme is requested: Vygotsky, L. S. & Luria, A. R: 1993: Studies on the History of Behavior: Ape, Primitive, and Child. Edited and translated by V. I. Golod & J. E. Knox. Lawrence Erlbaum, Hillsdale, Hove, London. 246 pp., 32 figs, US$ 39.95. ISBN 0-8058-1014-5. Immelmann, K., Pröve, E. & Sossinka, R. 1996: Einführung in die Verhaltensforschung. 4., neubearbeitete Auflage. Pareys Studientexte Nr.13. Blackwell Wissenschafts-Verlag, Berlin. 298 S. mit 93 Abb. Brosch. € 24,95. ISBN 3-8263-3047-1. Editorial Board Editor-in-Chief Michael Taborsky Department of Behavioural Ecology Zool. Inst. University of Bern Wohlenstrasse 50a CH-3032 Hinterkappelen Switzerland Editors Scott Forbes University of Winnepeg Department of Biology 515 Portage Avenue Winnepeg MB Canada R3B 2E9 Canada Susan A. Foster Department of Biology Clark University 950 Main St Worcester, MA 01610 USA Bart Kempenaers Max Planck Research Centre for Ornithology Reproductive Biology and Behaviour Group Postfach 1564 D-82305 Starnberg (Seewiesen) Germany John Lazarus Evolution and Behaviour Research Group University of Newcastle Department of Psychology Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU UK Scott Sakaluk Department of Biological Sciences Illinois State University Normal, IL 61790-4120 USA Lotta Sundström Department of Ecology and Systematics University of Helsinki Division of Population Biology P.O.Box 17 FIN-00014 Helsinki Finland Book review section Lee C. Drickamer Department of Biological Sciences Building #21, Box 5640 Northern Arizona University Flagstaff, AZ 86011-5640 USA Technical Editor Barbara Taborsky Department of Behavioural Ecology Zool. Inst. University of Bern Wohlenstrasse 50a CH-3032 Hinterkappelen Switzerland Fax: +41 / 31 / 631 91 41 E-mail: barbara.taborsky@esh.unibe.ch