期刊名称：MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE
 期刊简介(About the journal)
投稿须知(Instructions to Authors)
编辑部信息(Editorial Board)
About the journal
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Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise ® features original investigations, clinical studies, and comprehensive reviews on current topics in sports medicine and exercise science. With this leading multidisciplinary journal, exercise physiologists, physiatrists, physical therapists, team physicians and athletic trainers get a vital exchange of information from basic and applied science, medicine, education, and allied health fields. |
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Instructions to Authors
General Information
Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise® (MSSE®) is the official journal of the American College of Sports Medicine and is published monthly. Manuscripts dealing with original investigations, clinical studies, special communications, or brief reviews on topics relevant to the areas of interest of the College will be considered for publication.
Membership in the American College of Sports Medicine is not a requisite for publication in the journal, nor does it influence editorial decisions. The journal is owned by the American College of Sports Medicine and is copyrighted for the protection of authors and the College.
Authorship Requirements
To be an author, each individual shall have contributed to the manuscript in at least two (2) of the following areas:
- Significant manuscript writer
- Significant manuscript reviewer/reviser
- Concept and design
- Data acquisition
- Data analysis and interpretation
- Statistical expertise
For additional authorship details, see “Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals” at http://www.icmje.org/.
Manuscripts with more than six (6) authors require justification for exceeding that number. The journal reserves the right to ask authors to reduce the number of authors.
Compliance with NIH and other Research Funding Agency Accessibility Requirements
A number of research funding agencies now require or request authors to submit the postprint (the article after peer review and acceptance but not the final published article) to a repository that is accessible online by all without charge. As a service to our authors, journal publisher Lippincott Williams & Wilkins will identify to the National Library of Medicine (NLM) articles that require deposit and will transmit the postprint of an article based on research funded in whole or in part by the National Institutes of Health, Wellcome Trust, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, or other funding agencies to PubMed Central. The revised copyright transfer agreement provides the mechanism.
Copyright Transfer and Dual Submissions
The American College of Sports Medicine must receive in writing the exclusive assignment of copyright from all authors at the time of manuscript submission. Manuscripts will not enter the peer-review process until the author-completed copyright assignment form is received by the Editorial Office. Manuscripts are considered for publication on the condition that they are contributed solely to this journal and, therefore, have not been and will not be published elsewhere, in part or in whole. Manuscripts containing data that have been posted to the Internet for public access will not be considered for publication.
Misconduct
Fabrication, falsification, plagiarism, or any other practice by an author that seriously deviates from practices commonly accepted in the discipline or in the academic and research communities generally for proposing, conducting, or reporting research and creative activities will be considered actionable misconduct. The act of serious deviation includes duplicate publication or unethical use of research participants. Misconduct does not include honest error or honest differences in the interpretation or judgment of data.
If there is a suspicion or allegation of misconduct directed toward any author of a work submitted or published by MSSE®, the Journal reserves the right to a) forward relevant material to the appropriate authorities at the author's institution/employer for investigation, and/or b) conduct an independent investigation. If an author is found to have committed misconduct, MSSE® reserves the right to debar the author, either temporarily or permanently, from publishing in MSSE® and/or all journals associated with ACSM. MSSE®’s Editor-in-Chief, in consultation with the ACSM Publications Committee, will impose debarment or any lesser sanction found to be appropriate in light of the misconduct finding. Depending on the nature of the misconduct finding, a retraction of the author's relevant paper(s) published in MSSE® may occur, and notification of the retraction may be published in a future issue.
For additional misconduct details, see “Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals” at http://www.icmje.org/.
Reproduction of Text and Figures
Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise® is a copyrighted publication. It is official policy of the journal that single copies of figures can be used as slides or overhead projector transparencies if the purpose is for educational matters. Authors submitting manuscripts and publishing articles in this journal should be aware of this policy and must accept the provisions described. Persons making such reproductions should include an appropriate bibliographical citation on the slide or transparency. This policy does NOT include the reproduction and use of such figures in printed form, especially in regard to inclusion in textbooks. Permission to reproduce the text portion of any article in whole or in part must be obtained from both the senior author of the particular article and the publisher, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 351 West Camden Street, Baltimore, MD 21201-2436 USA (http://www.lww.com/resources/permissions/index.html).
ACSM Manuscripts & NIH Public Access Policy
Under the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Public Access Policy, NIH is asking its funded investigators to voluntarily submit to PubMed Central (PMC) the author's final manuscript of articles resulting from research supported in whole or in part with direct costs from NIH.
If you choose to submit your accepted manuscript to PMC, you will be asked to indicate when that manuscript should be made available to the public. As copyright holder of your article, the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) has the sole right to publish or disseminate it. However, ACSM grants you permission to allow public release of your manuscript through PMC 12 months after publication in the print version of an ACSM journal. The released version shall be that published in the print journal.
NIH intends to use the PMC database of manuscripts for portfolio management; to create a permanent archive of articles based upon NIH-funded research; and to give the public access to research publications. In announcing this policy, NIH officials underscored that it is voluntary and there will be no sanctions of any kind against authors who do not submit their manuscripts
Manuscript Submission Fees & Page Charges
Corresponding authors who are not members of the American College of Sports Medicine at the time of manuscript submission will be charged a nonrefundable fee of $100 (U.S.). Corresponding authors of manuscripts accepted for publication will be charged the following rates per published journal page:
- ACSM member $55 (U.S)
- Non–ACSM member $70 (U.S)
Standard page charges do not include publication of color figures. Color charges are $850 for the first color figure and $150 for each additional color figure.
It is expected that publication charges will be paid upon receipt of the publisher’s invoice. Page charges paid by institutions, endowment, grants, laboratories, suppliers, or manufacturers may be given credit in the acknowledgment section of the article. Questions regarding the page-charge policy should be directed to the MSSE® Editorial Office.
Address for Correspondence
Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise
401 West Michigan Street
Indianapolis, IN 46202-3233 USA
Phone: 317-634-8932
Fax: 317-634-8927
msse@acsm.org Submission Requirements
Manuscripts that do not comply with the following requirements and directives for process, style, and format will not enter the peer-review process.
Manuscripts shall be submitted electronically via Editorial Manager® (www.editorialmanager.com/msse). Detailed information regarding registration and use of Editorial Manager® is found on the Web site. Hard-copy manuscript submissions will not be accepted by the Editorial Office and will be discarded.
Authors submitting manuscripts for review shall also submit:
- Completed mandatory submission form
- Copyright transfer/dual-submission statement signed by all authors
- Manuscript submission fee (Non–ACSM member corresponding authors only)
- Letter of permission to reprint figures or tables (if applicable)
Manuscript Requirements
The manuscript file must be in a document format, not PDF format. The manuscript shall be formatted so that it is set in Times Roman font with 12-point font size, has margins of 1" (all sides), and is double-spaced throughout. Typical manuscript length is approximately 20 pages including references, but excluding tables and figures.
Paragraphs should be numbered; for example, “Paragraph Number 1 The subjects of this study…” Paragraph numbers serve as an effective method for relaying reviewer comments to the author. Begin paragraph numbering with the first paragraph in the Introduction and end before the References section. Do not use an automatic paragraph numbering option, as titles, subtitles, abstracts, etc., should not be numbered.
Submit all figure and table files separately from the manuscript text file. Do not use Microsoft Word for figure formatting. Figures shall be submitted in .tiff or .eps format. Figures and tables are limited to six (6) total (e.g., 2 figures, 4 tables; 0 figures, 6 tables).
Revised Manuscripts
Authors submitting revised manuscripts shall adhere to the above requirements and submit through Editorial Manager® (www.editorialmanager.com/msse). When submitting a revised manuscript, author point-by-point responses to reviewer comments must be a separate document. Artwork not passing the quality control check will be returned to the author for correction.
Blind Reviews
All reviews are “open,” with the author identities known to the reviewers.
Human & Animal Experimentation Policy Statements
Failure to comply with the guidelines that follow and to guarantee such conformance by a statement in the manuscript will result in rejection of the manuscript.
Studies and case reports involving the use of human subjects shall conform to the policy statement regarding the use of human subjects and written informed consent as published by Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise®. All studies involving animal experimentation shall be conducted in conformance with the policy statement of the American College of Sports Medicine on research with experimental animals as published by Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise®.
Policy Statement Regarding the Use of Human Subjects and Informed Consent
By law, any experimental subject or clinical patient who is exposed to possible physical, psychological, or social injury must give informed consent prior to participating in a proposed project. Informed consent can be defined as the knowing consent of an individual or his legally authorized representative so situated as to be able to exercise free power of choice without undue inducement or any element of force, fraud, deceit, duress, or other form of constraint or coercion.
The Editorial Board of Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise® requires that all appropriate steps be taken in obtaining the informed consent of any and all human subjects employed by investigators submitting manuscripts for review and possible publication. In most cases, written informed consent should be obtained by having the subject read a document (an Informed Consent Form) presenting all information pertinent to the investigation or project and affixing a signature indicating that the document has been read and consent given to participation under the conditions described therein. In some cases, usually when risks to subjects are very low (e.g., survey research), the Institutional Review Board of record may approve the conduct of the investigation and declare the study to be exempt from the usual requirement of obtaining written informed consent, in lieu of obtaining the participants’ verbal consent to participate. Information presented at the time of consent should be provided in a way that it is easily understood by the subjects and provided in a language in which the subjects are fluent.
Investigators are requested to consider the following items for inclusion in an Informed Consent Form, or process, as appropriate to the particular project:
- A general statement of the background of the project and the project objectives.
- A fair explanation of the procedures to be followed and their purposes, identification of any procedures that are experimental, and description of any and all risks attendant to the procedures.
- A description of any benefits to be reasonably expected and, in the case of treatment, disclosure of any appropriate alternative procedures that might be advantageous to the subject.
- An offer to answer any queries of the subject concerning procedures or other aspects of the project.
- An instruction that the subject is free to withdraw consent and to discontinue participation in the project or activity at any time without prejudice to the subject.
- An instruction that, in the case of questionnaires and interviews, the subject is free to deny answer to specific items or questions.
- An instruction that, if services or treatment are involved in the setting or context of the project, they will be neither enhanced nor diminished as a result of the subject’s decision to volunteer or not to volunteer participation in the project.
- An explanation of the procedures to be taken to ensure the confidentiality of the data and information to be derived from the subject. If subjects are to be identified by name in the manuscript, permission for same should be obtained in the Informed Consent Form or obtained in writing at a later date.
If the subject is to be videotaped or photographed in any manner, this must be disclosed in the Informed Consent Form. The subject must be advised as to who will have custody of such videotapes or photographs, who will have access to the tapes or photographs, how the tapes or photographs are to be used, and what will be done with them when the study is completed.
The informed consent document, or process, shall not contain any exculpatory language or any other waiver of legal rights releasing, or appearing to release, an investigator, project director, or institution from liability. If a consent form is used, at the bottom of the form, provision shall be made for the signature of the subject (and/or a legally authorized representative) and the date. It is generally advisable to precede this with a statement to the effect that the subject and/or representative have read the statement and understand it. In the case of minors, one or both parents should sign (as appropriate). For minors of sufficient maturity, signatures should be obtained from the subject and the parent(s).
The Editorial Board endorses the Declaration of Helsinki of the World Medical Association as regards the conduct of clinical research. Physicians are expected to comply with the principles set forth in this declaration when research involves the use of patients. In the case of psychological research, investigators will be expected to comply with the principles established by the American Psychological Association. (American Psychological Association. Ethical Principles in the Conduct of Research with Human Participants. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association; 1982.). The use of subjects should be approved by an ethics committee prior to the investigation and shall be stated in the Methods section of the submitted manuscript.
It will not be necessary for an author to describe in the manuscript the specific steps that were taken to obtain informed consent, to ensure confidentiality of results, or to protect the privacy rights of participating subjects. It will be satisfactory for the author to indicate that, “informed consent was obtained from the subject,” or by similar wording. Manuscripts reporting research approved for conduct as exempt from the requirement for obtaining written informed consent should identify the specific Institutional Review Board of record that made that determination. It will be understood by the editors that such a statement indicates the author’s guarantee of compliance with the directives presented above.
Policy Statement of the American College of Sports Medicine on Research with Experimental Animals
The ability of science to enhance the well being of humans and animals depends directly on advancements made possible by research, much of which requires the use and availability of experimental animals. Therefore, all who propose to use animals for research, education, or testing purposes must assume the responsibility for their general welfare. It is essential to recognize and to appreciate that the intent of scientific research is to provide results that will advance knowledge for the general and specific benefits of humans and animals. To accomplish these goals, the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) will support research of high scientific merit that includes the use of experimental animals.
Before the College will consider supporting research projects, the College must receive written assurances from the institution that the policies and procedures detailed by the Institute for Laboratory Animal Research (Institute for Laboratory Animal Research. Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. Washington, DC: National Academy Press; 1996.) and proclaimed in the Animal Welfare Act (PL89-544, PL91-979, and PL94-279) are policies of the institution. Furthermore, ACSM endorses the rules, procedures, and recommendations for the care of laboratory animals as advocated by the American Association for Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care (AAALAC). Support for research and publication of research findings by ACSM require that the institution where the research was conducted confirm it has filed a National Institutes of Health assurance and/or has AAALAC approved facilities.
Submission Types
In addition to original investigations, the journal publishes
- Clinical Investigations & Case Studies
- Brief Reviews
- Symposium Proceedings
- Special Communications
- Methodological Advances
- Rapid Communications
- Letters to the Editor-in-Chief
Clinical Investigations & Case Studies
Authors are encouraged to submit manuscripts describing specific clinical cases that provide relevant information on diagnosis and therapy of a particular case that proves unique to clinical sports medicine. Manuscripts should be current, concise, accurate, understandable, and contain the following:
- An abstract that contains the clinical implications.
- An introduction that provides commentary with regard to the clinical problem, which will be explained using the case as an example. It is important to document the patient’s agreement to the use of their clinical data in the presentation.
- A brief case report including history, physical examination, and laboratory findings followed by treatment and outcome.
- A discussion section that explains in detail the clinical implications over the course of the case as well as key aspects of the case that may be unique or may differ from similar reported cases in the medical literature.
Brief Reviews
Brief review articles (maximum 25 double-spaced pages, including references—limit 75) will be screened by the Editor-in-Chief before entering the review process. Authors of review articles shall be established, recognized experts in the field. Literature reviews in conjunction with collegiate thesis work are not acceptable review articles.
Symposium Proceedings
Submission of ACSM Annual Meeting symposia papers is by Editor-in-Chief invitation only. Symposia papers from any ACSM Annual Meeting must be received in the Editorial Office before December 1 of the year of presentation. Previously stated submission requirements shall be followed; however, presentations should not exceed 15 typewritten, double-spaced pages. Authors who use previously published material shall obtain prior written permission to reprint from the publisher holding the copyright and provide a quality original for publication. (See “Previously Published Material.”) All invited symposia manuscripts are subject to the peer-review process. Organizers of symposia concerned with new developments in sports medicine and exercise science are encouraged to contact the Editor-in-Chief regarding the possibility of publication.
Special Communications
Methodological Advances
Manuscripts that deal with new methods, important modifications of existing ones, or applications of new equipment will be considered for publication in a section titled Special Communications. Authors are strongly encouraged to familiarize themselves with the recently published articles in Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise®, as the journal will not consider for publication those manuscripts that present results of articles previously published.
Rapid Communications
Authors are encouraged to submit manuscripts suitable to be considered as “Rapid Communication” articles for the purpose of releasing cutting-edge information expeditiously. There are two types of rapid communication articles:
- Brand-new methodology
- Revolutionary new findings
Authors must declare in writing the uniqueness of the paper at the time of submission. These papers are subject to the peer-review process and must follow MSSE® style.
Letters to the Editor-in-Chief
Letters addressed to the Editor-in-Chief will be considered for publication if they promote intellectual discussion of an MSSE® article published within the previous 12 months. Letters should contain an informative title and follow the submission requirements for manuscripts. Letters are limited to 500 words and a maximum of eight (8) references. If the letter is accepted for publication, a copy will be sent to the author of the original article with an invitation to submit a rebuttal that will be published with the letter. Letter responses will be held to the same length and number-of-reference requirements.
Books for Review
ACSM is pleased to provide readers with the most current reviews of just released publications from Doody Enterprises, Inc. and, therefore, does not accept books from publishers or authors for the purpose of independent review. Publishers or authors may still contribute books to ACSM’s library by sending the materials to: ACSM National Center, Attn: Library, 401 West Michigan Street, Indianapolis, IN 46202-3233.
Manuscript Preparation
Text Guidelines
Language
English is the language of the publication. Authors who speak English as a second language are encouraged to seek the assistance of a colleague experienced in writing for English language journals. Authors of accepted manuscripts who cannot meet the journal’s standard English usage are encouraged to seek assistance from the publisher, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, who provides rewriting services for a fee.
Authors are encouraged to use nonsexist language as defined by the American Psychological Association (American Psychological Association. Guidelines for nonsexist use of language. American Psychologist. 1975;30:682–684) and to be sensitive to the semantic description of persons with chronic diseases and disabilities, as outlined in Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise® [Raven PR. Journal terminology: issues of sensitivity and accuracy. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 1991;23(11): 1217–1218.] as a general rule, only standardized abbreviations and symbols should be used. If unfamiliar abbreviations are employed, they should be defined when they first appear in the text. Authors should follow Webster's Third New International Dictionary for spelling, compounding, and division of words. Trademark names should be capitalized and the spelling verified. Chemical or generic names should precede the trade name or abbreviation of a drug the first time it is used in the text.
Previously Published Material
Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise® will accept only original, unpublished illustrations and tables, except in the cases of review articles, symposia, and meta-analyses. Authors of review articles, symposia, and meta-analyses papers who do use previously published material shall obtain prior written permission to reprint from the publisher holding the copyright and be able to provide a quality original to the Editorial Office for publication. It also is customary that written permission from the original authors be requested and received. The statement “used by permission” must appear in the caption of the figure or table with complete reference citation. Permission to reprint, if required, must accompany the manuscript at the time of submission.
Order of Manuscript
An original investigation should contain the following items and satisfy the given specifications.
- Title Page
- Title of no more than 85 characters, including spaces.
- Full names of the authors—Only those investigators who contributed substantially or who had a primary role in the research represented in the manuscript should be listed as authors. Manuscripts listing more than six (6) authors should provide justification. The Editor-in-Chief reserves the right to request that the author list be reduced.
- Institutional affiliation of each author clearly identified; linked to each author by use of superscript numbers
- Corresponding author name, mailing address, telephone, fax, and e-mail information
- Running title of no more than 45 characters, including spaces
- Disclosure of funding received for this work from any of the following organizations: National Institutes of Health (NIH); Wellcome Trust; Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI); and other(s).
- Abstract
- Limit of 275 words, including numbers, abbreviations, and symbols
- Structure states purpose, methods, results, and conclusion
- Reference citations are not permitted
- Key Words
- Four (4) to six (6) words following the abstract
- Should not repeat terms or phrases from the title
- Introduction
- State clearly the purpose and hypothesis of the study
- Provide relevant references
- Do not exhaustively review the subject
- Methods
- Present subject information
- Describe the experimental subjects and their controls
- Insert “written informed consent” statement or animal-use statement and ethics committee approval statement (required) (see “Human & Animal Experimentation Policy Statements”)
- Identify the methods, apparatus, and procedures employed with sufficient details to allow others to reproduce the results
- Provide references for established methods and statistical procedures
- Provide rationale for use and include a description of possible limitations for utilized methods not well known
- Denote statistical significance when appropriate and include detailed statistical analyses, mathematical derivation, or computer programs in an appendix
- Results
- Present findings of the study in the text, tables, or figures
- Do not include the same data in tables and figures
- Discussion
- Emphasize the original and important features of the study and avoid repeating all the data presented within the results section
- Incorporate the significance of the findings and the relationship(s) and relevance to published observations
- Provide only those conclusions that are supported by the study
- Acknowledgments
- Identify funding sources
- Identify external reviewers, if any
- Conflict of Interest
Authors are required to state in the acknowledgments all funding sources, and the names of companies, manufacturers, or outside organizations providing technical or equipment support. In particular, authors should:
- Disclose professional relationships with companies or manufacturers who will benefit from the results of the present study
- State that the results of the present study do not constitute endorsement by ACSM
Failure to disclose such information could result in the rejection of the submitted manuscript.
The reference list shall be in alphabetic order (rather than in the order of citation) and numbered. There shall not be more than 40 references for original investigations. Review articles are limited to 75 references. All references shall appear in the text. The format for references is that which has been adopted by the United States National Library of Medicine [Patrias K. National Library of Medicine Recommended Formats for Bibliographic Citation. Bethesda (MD): The Library; 1991. Available from: NTIS, Springfield, VA; PB91-182030.] and employed in Index Medicus. For those not included in Index Medicus, adhere to the form established by the American National Standard for Bibliographic References. Examples of the types of references are as follows:
- Book
- Cohen J. Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences. 2nd ed. Hillsdale (NJ): Lawrence Erlbaum Associates; 1988. 567 p.
- Paffenbarger RS, Hyde RT, Wing AL. Physical activity and physical fitness as determinants of health and longevity. In: Bouchard C, Shephard RJ, Stephens T, Sutton JR, McPherson BD, editors. Exercise, Fitness, and Health. Champaign: Human Kinetics; 1990. p. 33–48.
- Conference Proceedings—Matthie JR, Withers PO, Van Loan MD, Mayclin PL. Development of a commercial complex bio-impedance spectroscopic (CBIS) system for determining intracellular water (ICW) and extracellular water (ECW) volumes. In: Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Electrical Bio-impedance; 1992 Jul 28-31: Kuopio (Finland). University of Kuopio; 1992. p. 203–5.
- Doctoral Dissertation—Crandall C. Alterations in human baroreceptor reflex regulation of blood pressure following 15 days of simulated microgravity exposure [dissertation]. Fort Worth (TX): University of North Texas; 1993. 100 p.
- Government Report—U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Bone Health and Osteoporosis: A Report of the Surgeon General. Rockville, MD: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office of the Surgeon General; 2004. 436 p. Available from: U.S. GPO, Washington.
- Journal Article—Blair SN, Ellsworth NM, Haskell WL, Stern MP, Farguhar JW, Wood PD. Comparison of nutrient intake in middle-aged men and women runners and controls. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1981;13(5):310–5.
- E-Journal Article—Vickers AJ. Time course of muscle soreness following different types of exercise. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders [Internet]. 2001 [cited 2001 May 31];2(5). Available from: http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2474/2/5. doi:10.1186/1471-2474-2-5.
- Web site home page—American Heart Association Web site [Internet]. Dallas (TX): American Heart Association; [cited 2006 Jan 1]. Available from: http://www.americanheart.org.
- Abstract—An abstract can be cited when it is the only source of information.
Note: In-text reference citations shall be baseline in parentheses, not superscripts [e.g., (14,15), not 14,15]. Personal Internet Web sites, Master of Science theses, personal communications, or other unpublished material are not acceptable as references. All book references require page numbers. Journal abbreviations should follow the abbreviations of Index Medicus published by the Library of Congress. Use of et al.—If fewer than seven (7) authors are listed, all should be mentioned. When seven or more authors are named, list only the first three.
- Appendices
Appendices are considered supplemental material and will not be published in the print journal. Appendices will appear online only. Submitted appendices shall meet the requirements given in the section “Supplemental Digital Content (SDC).”
- Figure Captions
- Provide a caption for each figure
- List captions together following references section
Technical Guidelines
Terminology and Units of Measurement
To promote consistency and clarity of communication, authors should use standard terms generally acceptable to the field of exercise science and sports medicine.
The units of measurement shall be Système International d'Unités (SI). Permitted exceptions to SI are heart rate—beats per min; blood pressure—mm Hg; gas pressure—mm Hg. When expressing compound units of measurement, authors must locate the raised dot midway between lines to avoid confusion with periods; for example, mL·min-1·kg-1.
The basic and derived units most commonly used in reporting research in this journal include the following:
mass—gram (g) or kilogram (kg); force—newton (N); distance—meter (m), kilometer (km); temperature—degree Celsius (°C); energy, heat, work—joule (J) or kilojoule (kJ); power—watt (W); torque—newton-meter (N·m); frequency—hertz (Hz); pressure—pascal (Pa); time—second (s), minute (min), hour (h); volume—liter (L), milliliter (mL); and amount of a particular substance—mole (mol), millimole (mmol). Selected conversion factors: 1 N = 0.102 kg (force); 1 J = 1 N·m = 0.000239 kcal = 0.102 kg·m; 1 kJ = 1000 N·m = 0.239 kcal = 102 kg·m; 1 W = 1 J·s-1 = 6.118 kg·m·min-1. Sample Size
Authors should justify the adequacy of their sample size by providing calculations regarding the power of their statistical tests. While there are different approaches that authors may take in performing these calculations, the book by Cohen is recommended as an appropriate starting point [Cohen J. Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences. 2nd ed. Hillsdale (NJ): Lawrence Erlbaum Associates; 1988. 567 p.].
Formulas and Equations
Simple in-text formulas and equations should be presented in a single line:
M = (a + b)/(x + y). More complex equations should be set displayed, and, if referenced in text, shall have an equation number:
 [1]
All unusual characters must be accompanied by a definition or explanation.
Figures
Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise® accepts electronic file artwork only. Captions are required for all figures and shall appear on a separate manuscript page.
Guidelines (http://edmgr.ovid.com/lww-final/accounts/5StepsforArt.pdf):
- Each figure should be saved as a separate file without captions. Any figure with multiple parts should be sent as one file with each part labeled the way it is to appear in print.
- Files should be saved as and submitted in .tiff or .eps format—jpeg, .gif, or files downloaded from the Internet are not acceptable due to low resolution.
- Compression programs, such as WinZip, may be used to compress large .tiff or .eps files into a .zip file before uploading it to Editorial Manager®.
- Black-and-white line art should be saved at 900–1200 dpi (dots per inch) resolution with monochrome, 1-bit color mode.
- Photographs, CT scans, radiographs, etc. should be saved at a resolution of at least 300 dpi.
- Combination photo–line art and grayscale images should be saved at 600–900 dpi.
- Color images should be scanned in CMYK (cyan, magenta, yellow, black) mode. Do not submit any figures in RGB (red, green, blue) mode. Submit color figures only if color publication is intended. Color publication incurs additional charges.
- Lettering (symbols, letters, and numbers) should be between 8 and 12 points, with consistent spacing and alignment. Font face maybe serif (Times Roman) or sans serif (Arial).
- Line width should be ¾ point or greater.
- Any extra white or black space surrounding the image should be cropped. Ensure that subject-identifying information (i.e., faces, names, or any other identifying features) is cropped or opaqued.
- Artwork should be submitted in final size and should be cropped and rotated as it will appear in the final printed piece.
Tables
- Tables should be double-spaced and designed to fit a one-column width (3¼ inches) or a two-column width (7 inches).
- Each table shall have a brief caption; explanatory matter should be in footnotes below the table.
- The table shall contain means and the units of variation (SD, SE, etc.) and must be free of nonsignificant decimal places.
- Abbreviations used in tables must be consistent with those used in the text and figures. Definition symbols should be listed in the order of appearance, determined by reading horizontally across the table and should be identified by standard symbols.
Supplemental Digital Content (SDC)
Authors may submit supplemental digital content (SDC) via Editorial Manager to LWW journals that enhance their article’s text to be considered for online posting. Please note that SDC should not include cover letters to the editor, forms required by the editorial office, or items required in the manuscript file. SDC may include standard media such as text documents, graphs, audio, video, etc. On the Attach Files page of the submission process, please select Supplemental Audio, Video, or Data for your uploaded file as the Submission Item. If an article with SDC is accepted, our production staff will create a URL with the SDC file. The URL will be placed in the call-out within the article. SDC files are not copy-edited by LWW staff, they will be presented digitally as submitted. For a list of all available file types and detailed instructions, please visit http://links.lww.com/A142.
SDC Callouts
Supplemental digital content must be cited consecutively in the text of the submitted manuscript. Citations should include the type of material submitted (Audio, Figure, Table, etc.), be clearly labeled as "Supplemental Digital Content," include the sequential list number, and provide a description of the supplemental content. All descriptive text should be included in the call-out as it will not appear elsewhere in the article.
Example: We performed many tests on the degrees of flexibility in the elbow (see Video, Supplemental Digital Content 1, which demonstrates elbow flexibility) and found our results inconclusive.
List of Supplemental Digital Content
A listing of Supplemental Digital Content must be submitted at the end of the manuscript file. Include the SDC number and file type of the Supplemental Digital Content. This text will be removed by our production staff and not be published.
Example: Supplemental Digital Content 1. wmv
SDC File Requirements
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Editorial Board
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Editor-in-Chief
Andrew J. Young, PhD
U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine
Natick, Massachusetts
Managing Editor
Kenneth O. Wilson
American College of Sports Medicine
Indianapolis, Indiana
Consulting Editor
Kent B. Pandolf, PhD
U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine
Natick, Massachusetts
Book Review Editor
Lawrence E. Armstrong, PhD
University of Connecticut
Storrs, Connecticut
Editorial Assistant
Angela C. Chastain
American College of Sports Medicine
Indianapolis, Indiana
Director of Publishing
Kerry O’Rourke
American College of Sports Medicine
Indianapolis, Indiana
Associate Editors-in-Chief
Thomas M. Best, MD
Ohio State University
Columbus, Ohio
Clinical Sciences
L. Bruce Gladden, PhD
Auburn University
Auburn, Alabama
Basic Sciences Michael N. Sawka, PhD
U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine
Natick, Massachusetts
Applied Sciences |
Associate Editors |
Ross A. Arena, PhD
Virginia Commonwealth University
Richmond, Virginia
Alan A. Batterham, PhD
University of Teesside
Middlesbrough, United Kingdom
Randy W. Braith, PhD
University of Florida
Gainesville, Florida
Peter H. Brubaker, PhD
Wake Forest University
Winston Salem, North Carolina
Jill A. Bush, PhD
Towson University
Towson, Maryland
Lisa Chasan-Taber, ScD
University of Massachusetts
Amherst, Massachusetts
Craig G. Crandall, PhD
Presbyterian Hospital of Dallas
Dallas, Texas
Michael R. Deschenes, PhD
College of William and Mary
Williamsburg, Virginia
Mary Jane De Souza, PhD
Pennsylvania State University
University Park, Pennsylvania
Bo Fernhall, PhD
University of Illinois
Champaign, Illinois
Craig A. Harms, PhD
Kansas State University
Manhattan, Kansas
Andrew M. Jones, PhD
University of Exeter
Exeter, United Kingdom
Randall E. Keyser, PhD
George Mason University
Fairfax, Virginia
William J. Kraemer, PhD
University of Connecticut
Storrs, Connecticut
Charles E. Matthews, PhD
Vanderbilt University
Nashville, Tennesee
Ronald J. Maughan, PhD
Loughborough University
Loughborough, United Kingdom
Steven T. McCaw, PhD
Illinois State University
Normal, Illinois |
Thomas M. McLellan, PhD
Defense Research & Development Canada
Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Stephen P. Messier, PhD
Wake Forest University
Winston-Salem, North Carolina
Daniel S. Moran, PhD
Heller Institute of Medical Research
Tel, HaShomer, Israel
Kathy H. Myburgh, PhD
Stellenbosch University
Matieland, South Africa
Hiroshi Nose, MD
Shinshu University School of Medicine
Matsumoto, Japan
Francis G. O’Connor, MD
Uniformed Services University
Bethesda, Maryland
Danny M. Pincivero, PhD
University of Toledo
Toledo, Ohio
Lori L. Ploutz-Snyder, PhD
NASA Johson Space Center
Houston, Texas
Janet Walberg Rankin, PhD
Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University
Blacksburg, Virginia
Stephen M. Roth, PhD
University of Maryland
College Park, Maryland
Nina S. Stachenfeld, PhD
The John B. Pierce Laboratory
New Haven, Connecticut
William W. Storms, MD
Asthma & Allergy Associates
Colorado Springs, Colorado
David P. Swain, PhD
Old Dominion University
Norfolk, Virginia
Mark A. Tarnopolsky, MD
McMaster University Medical Center
Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
Stewart G. Trost, PhD
Oregon State University
Corvallis, Oregon
Alan C. Utter, PhD
Appalachian State University
Boone, North Carolina |
Editorial Board |
Thomas J. Barstow
Susan A. Bloomfield
George A. Brooks
Michael J. Buono
Mark Burnley
John W. Castellani
Samuel N. Cheuvront
Nisha Charkoudian
Priscilla M. Clarkson
Edward F. Coyle
Stephen F. Crouse
Ellen M. Evans
Kelly R. Evenson
Peter A. Farrell
Steven Fleck
Carl Foster
Patty S. Freedson
Carol Ewing Garber
Martin Gibala
Jose Gonzalez-Alonso
Lisa Griffin
Mark Hargreaves
William J. Hopkins
Mark R. Hutchinson
John M. Jakicic
Thomas W. Janssen
Daniel A. Judelson
Robert W. Kenefick
W. Larry Kenney
Donald D. Kirkendall
John P. Kirwan
Wendy M. Kohrt
Robert R. Kraemer
M. Harold Laughlin
Christine Lawless
I-Min Lee |
Richard D. Lewis
Anne B. Loucks
Melinda M. Manore
Steven W. Marshall
Kevin McCully
Edward G. McFarland
Scott McLean
Christopher T. Minson
Joel B. Mitchell
David C. Nieman
Bradley C. Nindl
Jacques Poortmans
Jeffrey A. Potteiger
John Quindry
Robert C. Roach
William O. Roberts
Nancy Rodriguez
Thomas W. Rowland
Kenneth W. Rundell
Robert E. Sallis
Timothy P. Scheett
Kathryn H. Schmitz
Minoru Shinohara
Susan M. Shirreffs
Robert S. Staron
Nigel Taylor
Paul D. Thompson
Peter M. Tiidus
Hechmi Toumi
Scott W. Trappe
Anthony A. Vandervoort
A. J. van Soest
Joseph P. Weir
Michael A. Welsch
Jeffrey A. Woods |
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