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期刊名称：JOURNAL OF CLIMATE ISSN： 0894-8755 版本： SCI-CDE 出版频率： Semi-monthly 出版社： AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC, 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, USA, MA, 02108-3693   出版社网址： http://www.ametsoc.org/index.html 期刊网址： http://www.ametsoc.org/pubs/journals/jcli/index.html 影响因子： 5.148 主题范畴： METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES 期刊简介(About the journal)    投稿须知(Instructions to Authors)    编辑部信息(Editorial Board)    About the journal The Journal of Climate publishes articles on climate research and, therefore, welcomes manuscripts concerned with large-scale variability of the atmosphere, oceans, and land surface; changes in the climate system (including those caused by human activities); and climate simulation and prediction. Papers on the physics, dynamics, and chemistry of the atmosphere of the earth and other planets, with emphasis on the quantitative and deductive aspects of the subject, should be sent to the Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences; papers that pertain to weather analysis and prediction and observed and modeled circulations, including techniques development and model validation for both atmosphere and oceans, should be directed to the Monthly Weather Review ; those that are applications oriented (e.g., environmental health, weather modification, air pollution meteorology, hydrology, and argricultural and forest meteorology) should be directed to the Journal of Applied Meteorology; those dealing with forecasting techniques and forecasting verification, including mesoscale and synoptic-scale case studies that have direct applicability to forecasting, should be directed to Weather and Forecasting; research emphasizing instrumentation or techniques for acquiring or interpreting data should be sent to the Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology. Instructions to Authors Manuscripts dealing with climate and its impacts should be sent to Prof. David A. Randall, Chief Editor, Journal of Climate, Department of Atmospheric Science, Colorado State University,200 West Lake Street, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1371 (tel: 970 491-8474, fax: 970 491-8693, email: randall@atmos.colostate.edu). When a manuscript is submitted, the author must inform the Chief Editor if it has been previously published in any language or if it is under consideration for publication by another journal. The author must also promptly inform the Chief Editor if it is submitted for publication elsewhere before its disposition by the JOURNAL OF CLIMATE. Each manuscript should be accompanied by a statement transferring copyright from the authors (or other holder of the copyright) to the American Meteorological Society. The appropriate form for the transfer of the copyright to AMS is printed near the back of the January and/or December issue of AMS journals; copies of the form are also available from the Chief Editor's office or from the Society. The written, signed transfer of the copyright is required under new U.S. Copyright Law (Title 17 USC, as revised by P.IL. 94-533) in order for AMS to have valid rights to continue its wide dissemination of research results and other scientific information. Editorial action on a manuscript that is not accompanied by the completed copyright transfer form, signed by all authors, will be delayed until the form is received. Three departments are maintained in the JOURNAL: Letters, Articles and Notes and Correspondence. Correspondence is intended for informal comment and discussion of published papers and will be published at the discretion of the editors. Notes may be brief papers describing short development projects or comments on the application of theory. This department is also useful for presenting significant preliminary results of extended investigations. The purpose of the Letters section is to provide rapid and high-profile publication of brief communications on important and timely topics of great interest to the climate research community. Please reference the Editorial printed in Vol. 12, No. 8 for more information. Authors will receive the page proof for correction. Authors' institutions are requested to pay a publication charge, that, if honored, entitles them to 100 free reprints. The rate is $125.00 per page. Reprint order blanks will be furnished by the Society. Each manuscript must be complete and final when submitted. Article length should be less than 7,500 words or about 26 double-spaced typed pages. Five copies of the text and small photocopies of large drawings are required. All copy (including tables, references, and figure captions) must be double-spaced on one side only, have wide margins, and all pages must be numbered consecutively. Each manuscript should include the following components, which should be presented in the order shown. 1. Title, name, and affiliation of each author, and dateline. These items should appear on an unnumbered cover page, separate from the remainder of the manuscript. The affiliation should be concise and should omit street and/or P.O. Box. The date of receipt of the manuscript will be supplied by the editors. 2. Abstract. A brief, concise abstract is required at the beginning of each article and, at the discretion of the chief Editors, at the beginning of appropriate shorter contributions. Authors are reminded to summarize their conclusions and methodology in the abstract. References should be omitted since they are not available per se to abstracting services. 3. Text. The text should be divided into sections, each with a separate heading and numbered consecutively. The section/subsection headings should be typed on a separate line (e.g.: 1. Introduction; a. Data; 1) RADIOSONDE; (i) Experiment 1. The 1) and (i) subheadings are indented. 4. Acknowledgements. Omit the word "number" from grant or contract acknowledgments. Contributions (numbered) from author's affiliation should appear as a footnote on the cover page. 5. Appendix. Lengthy, mathematical analyses whose details are subordinate to the main theme of the paper should normally appear in an appendix. Each appendix should have a title. 6. References. References should be arranged alphabetically without numbering. The text citation should consist of the author's name and year of publication, [e.g., "according to Halley (1686)," or "as shown by an earlier study (Halley 1686)"] When there are two or more papers by the same author in the same year, the distinguishing suffix (a,b, etc.) should be added. In listing references, each one must be complete and in the following form. For an article: author(s), year: Title of article. Title of Journal (abbreviated), volume number, inclusive pages. For a book: author(s), year: Title of Book. Publisher, pages. Abbreviatios for journal titles should conform to the current Chemical Abstracts Service Source Index, published by the American Chemical Society or the AMS Authors' Guide (1992).* Authors are requested to avoid references to nonstandard material such as internal or project reports and unrefereed preprints whenever possible. When such a reference is essential (e.g. a long data tabulation), it is the author's responsibility to determine whether the referenced material is available from the Library of Congress, NTIS, or other public depositories, and to include this information as part of the citation in the References section. Nonstandard references should be included alphabetically with all other references. Authors should follow the journal style in preparing their list of references. 7. Figure captions. Each figure must be provided with an adequate caption, all captions should be listed together (double-spaced) for typesetting. 8. Illustrations and tables. Each figure and table should be cited specifically in the text. Figure number and caption will be typeset and should not be part of the drawing. Authors should label figure panels with lower case lettering, preferably within the upper left corner so as to minimize size reduction. All figures will be reduced a maximum amount compatible with legibility. Original drawings should be submitted double the size to appear, and lettering should be large enough so that after reduction the smallest significant letter/symbol will be at least 1/5 mm high. Good quality figures, submitted the same size as to be published, are also acceptable. Authors should be aware of the three limitations on size for illustration - column width (3 1/8 inches), page width (6 1/2), and full page (8 1/2 sideways). Good photographic reproductions are preferred to original drawings if the latter are oversized and unwieldy for mailing. Authors are encouraged to specify desired figure size and any unusual layout requirements. The published size may vary depending on size of detail, stippling density, proportion, and overall appearance. Special arrangements can be made for color figures. Mathematical symbols and formulas. - Authors should attempt to visualize mathematical expressions as they will appear in print. From the standpoints of readability and printing cost, formulas should be composed carefully and with utmost economy. Some general rules are: i) The numbers that identify equations are to be placed at the right-hand margin in parentheses. References in text to the equations may then be made by the number in parentheses without use of the word equation. Parentheses should not be used for other sets of numbers (e.g., test 12, case 3, Fig. 6a). When the word equation is used with a number, it is to be abbreviated Eq. or Eqs. (plural) except at the beginning of a sentence. ii) Explain ambiguous or uncommon symbols by making marginal notes in pencil. Single symbols are generally set regular italic. Vector notation is set bold face roman (typed as ) and matrix symbols are set bold face sans serif (typed as ). For nested equations the order is preferred. iii) Double-line fractions should not be used in the body of the text. To indicate such fractions, use the solidus (/) or the negative exponent [e.g., or or , etc.]. iv) The radical sign should be avoided. To indicate roots, use a positive or negative superscript fraction (em piece). v) When the exponential e is modified by a complicated argument, use the abbreviation exp. vi) In writing units, the negative exponent is preferred: that is, , , ,a, or is acceptable, but or is not. The solidus may be used to emphasize gradients, such as , or lapse rate, K/km. Units. - The international System of Units is standard in AMS publications, and SI (m, kg, s, K) units should be used throughout; for the few exceptions permitted, and for the symbols to be used for the units, see the AMS Authors' Guide (1992)*. Words and symbols for units should not be mixed; in general, symbols should be used only when preceded by a number (thus, "10 m" but "several meters"). Unit symbols are not punctuated, that is, they are not treated as abbreviations; the same symbol is used for both singular and plural. Abbreviations. - Abbreviations and acronyms should be identified with their first use. The abbreviation "U.S." is appropritae when it modifies another word (e.g. U.S. Department of Commerce). Names of states and months should be spelled out except in tables, figure captions, and the reference list. *Additional information for authors on the preparation and submission of manuscripts is contained in the Authors' Guide [Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 73(8), S1-S32]. Address Information Dr. DAVID A. RANDALL, CHIEF EDITOR Department of Atmospheric Science Colorado State University 200 West Lake Street Fort Collins, CO 80523-1371 970 491-8474 FAX 970 491-8693 randall@atmos.colostate.edu ASSISTANT TO THE CHIEF EDITOR: Cindy Carrick 970 491-8407 FAX 970 491-8693 cindy@atmos.colostate.edu EDITORIAL ASSISTANT: Beth White 970 491-8324 FAX 970 491-8693 beth@atmos.colostate.edu DR. A. SCOTT DENNING Department of Atmospheric Science Colorado State University 200 West Lake Street Fort Collins, CO 80523-1371 970 491-6936 FAX 970 491-8449 denning_jclim@atmos.colostate.edu EDITORIAL ASSISTANT: Beth White 970 491-8324 FAX 970 491-8693 beth@atmos.colostate.edu DR. LEO DONNER NOAA GFDL P.O. Box 308 Princeton University Princeton, NJ 08542-0308 609 452-6562 FAX 609 987-5063 ljd@gfdl.gov EDITORIAL ASSISTANT: Wendy Marshall 609 452 6587 FAX 609 987 5063 w.h.marshall@worldnet.att.net DR. MARTIN P. HOERLING NOAA-CIRES Climate Diagnostics Center R/CDC1 325 Broadway Boulder, CO 80303-3328 303 497 6640 FAX 303 497 7013 mph@cdc.noaa.gov EDITORIAL ASSISTANT: Barbara DeLuisi 303 497 4233 FAX 303 497 7013 barb.deluisi@noaa.gov DR. TOMMY G JENSEN International Pacific Research Center School of Ocean & Earth Science & Technology University of Hawaii 1680 East West Rd. POST Bldg. 401 Honolulu, HI 96822, USA 808 956 5468 FAX 808 956 9425 tjensen@hawaii.edu EDITORIAL ASSISTANT: Summer Sylva 808 956 6630 FAX 808 956 9425 DR. SIEGFRIED SCHUBERT NASA / GSFC Code 910.3 Greenbelt, MD 20771 301 614 6145 FAX 301 614 6297 schubert@dao.gsfc.nasa.gov EDITORIAL ASSISTANT: Natalie Simms 301 614 6295 FAX 301 614 6297 nsimms@carioca.gsfc.nasa.gov DR. ANDREW J WEAVER School of Earth and Ocean Sciences University of Victoria PO Box 3055, Victoria, BC V8W 3P6 Canada 250 472 4006 FAX 250 472 4004 jclim@uvic.ca EDITORIAL ASSISTANT: Wanda Lewis 250 472 4006 FAX 250 472 4004 wlewis@ocean.seos.uvic.ca DR. FRANCIS ZWIERS Canadian Centre for Climate Modelling and Analysis P.O. Box 1700, stn csc Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2 Canada FEDEX Address: Room 267 3964 Gordon Head Road Victoria, BC V8N 3X3 Canada 250 363 8229 FAX 250 363 8247 francis.zwiers@ec.gc.ca EDITORIAL ASSISTANT: Debby Scott 250 363 8229 FAX 250 363 8247 debby.scott@ec.gc.ca Web Page Comments To Kelleyann Wittmeyer Research Associate Colorado State University 970 491 8585 kelley@atmos.colostate.edu Editorial Board Chief Editor¡¯s Office Dr. David A. Randall ¨C Colorado State University Phone: 970-491-8474 Fax: 970-491-8693 Chief Editor's Home Page Editors Dr. A. Scott Denning ¨C Colorado State University Dr. Leo Donner ¨C NOAA GFDL Dr. Martin P. Hoerling¨C NOAA¨CCIRES Climate Diagnostics Center Tommy G. Jensen ¨C International Pacific Research Center, SOEST, University of Hawaii Dr. Siegfried Schubert ¨C NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Dr. Andrew J. Weaver ¨C University of Victoria Dr. Francis Zwiers ¨C Canadian Centre for Climate Modelling and Analysis Editorial Assistants Cindy Carrick ¨C Assistant to Dr. Randall Phone: 970-491-8407 Fax: 970- 491-8693 or 8428 Beth White ¨C Assistant to Drs. Randall and Denning Wendy Marshall ¨C Assistant to Dr. Donner Barbara DeLuisi ¨C Assistant to Dr. Hoerling Evelyn Witt ¨C Assistant to Dr. Latif Natalie Simms ¨C Assistant to Dr. Schubert Wanda Lewis ¨C Assistant to Dr. Weaver Debby Scott ¨C Assistant to Dr. Zwiers Submit Manuscripts Electronically   Postal Mail: Dr. David A. Randall Department of Atmospheric Science Colorado State University 200 West Lake Street Fort Collins, CO 80523-1371 *To access the Journal of Climate chief editor's home page, click here. Associate Editors MAARTEN H. P. AMBAUM - University of Reading HOWARD BARKER - Atmospheric Environment Service DAVID BATTISTI - Univeristy of Washington GRANT R. BIGG - University of Sheffield ROBERT X. BLACK - Georgia Institute of Technology ANTHONY J. BROCCOLI - NOAA/Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory PETER CLARK - Oregon State University, Dept of Geosciences ANTHONY DEL GENIO - NASA/Goddard Institute for Space Studies CLARA DESER - NCAR/CGD SIRPA HAKKINEN - NASA Goddard Space Flight Center JOHN KUTZBACH - University of Wisconsin SYDNEY LEVITUS - NODC/NOAA NORMAN MCFARLANE - Atmospheric Environment Service UWE MIKOLAJEWICZ - Max Planck Institut RAGHU MURTUGUDDE - Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland DAVID NEELIN - University of California, Los Angeles SUMANT NIGAM - University of Maryland JOYCE E. PENNER - Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory RICHARD REYNOLDS - National Centers for Environmental Prediction WILLIAM B. ROSSOW - NASA/Goddard Institute for Space Studies ALBERT J. SEMTNER, JR. - Naval Postgraduate School LISA C. SLOAN - University of California, Santa Cruz HANS VON STORCH - Institute for Coastal Research CHUNG-HSIUNG SUI - NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center PIETER TANS - NOAA Climate Monitoring & Diagnostics Laboratory COMPTON J. TUCKER - NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center JOHN E. WALSH - University of Illinois BRYAN WEARE - University of California, Davis KUAN-MAN XU - NASA Langley Research Center SONG YANG - Climate Prediction Center Editorial Staff Technical Editor MICHAEL FRIEDMAN Senior Copy Editor CARA GUALTIERI Copy Editor ANDREA L. SCHEIN Editorial Assistants CINDY CARRICK (CSU) BARBARA DeLUISI (NOAA-CIRES) JENNIFER L GIBLIN (AMS) EMILY KILCER (AMS) WANDA LEWIS (University of Victoria) WENDY MARSHALL JILL NICHOLLS (BMRC) SUMMER SILVA (International Pacific Research Center) NATALIE SIMMS (GSFC) DEBBY SCOTT (Canadian Centre for Climate Modelling and Analysis) BETH WHITE (CSU) Editorial Secretary MARY MCMAHON Publications Coordinator LAURA MCGINN